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Committee on Economic Security

 

LIST OF TABLES

 Table No.

Table Title 

 Pages

 PART I. UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION

 1.

Countries in which compulsory unemployment insurance or compensation laws have been enacted and number of workers covered in each,1935

 6

 2.

Countries in which laws have been enacted subsidizing voluntary insurance systems and the number of workers covered in each, 1935

 7

 3.

Maximum weekly incomes below which a state of need exists, Belgium

 41

 4.

Unemployment in manufacturing, transportation, building trades, and mining, 1897-1926, as estimated by Paul H. Douglas

 56

 5.

Estimates of average nonagricultural employment and unemployment, by States,1930-33

facing page 58

6.

States arrayed by average percentage of unemployment within the compensable labor force, April 1930; 1933 average; and 1930-33 average

60

7.

Estimated numbers of employees attached to the various industries, 1920-27

62

8.

Average annual indexes of employment in selected manufacturing industries, 1923-28

63

9.

Estimated numbers of employees attached to transportation and communication industries, 1920-27

64

10.

Proportion of full time worked by all employed workers in 29 industries, United States, 1922-33

65

11.

Employment status of gainful workers enumerated in four areas

67

 12.

Employment status of employed workers in three areas

68 

 13.

Indexes of seasonal variations in factory pay rolls in the United States,1923-31

70

 14.

Estimated compensable labor force in the United States, April 1930

78

 15.

Estimated compensable labor force, United States, 1922-33

79

 16.

State cumulated contributions available for benefits at 3-, 4-, and 5 percent contribution rates, United States, 1922-33

81

 17.

Estimates of the compensable wage loss of the covered unemployed in the United States,1923-33

82

 18.

Percentage and cumulative percentage distribution of the unemployed able and willing to work, by duration of unemployment at date of census or survey, according to various magnitudes of unemployment

84

 19.

Cumulative distribution of the total compensable wage loss, 1923-33

86

 20.

Adjusted cumulative distribution of the total compensable wage loss 1923-33

87

 21.

Adjusted cumulative distribution of the total compensable wage loss, 1923-30

88

22.

State grants for unemployment compensation administration and conditions for credit allowance against tax on employers of eight or more 

facing page 96

 23.

Estimated coverage of assumed unemployment compensation system, by States, average for 1930

 108

 24.

Estimated number of employed workers covered, by States, 1933

 109

 25.

Estimated wages and salaries of compensable labor force and income from a 3-percent contribution, by States, 1933

 117

 PART II. OLD-AGE SECURITY

 26.

Actual and estimated number of persons aged 65 and over compared to total population, 1860-2000

141

 27.

Rate of increase of population by age groups for the United Staten, 1870-1930 

141

28. 

Age distribution of the total, urban, and rural population of the United States, 1920 and 1930

142

29.

Percentage of persona 45 years of age and over among gainfully occupied, by sex, for the United States, 1890-1930

143

30.

Percentage of unemployment (14 weeks and over) among males and females in each age group for the United States, 1930

146

 31.

Persons with previous work experience at non-relief employment seeking work, classified by length of time since last nonrelief employment of 4 weeks or more and by age

148

 32.

Percentage of persons 65 and over having property less than $5,000 and income less than $300 annually

151

 33.

Old-age dependency in the State of New York, July 1, 1929

152

 34.

Economic status of aged studied in the District of Columbia, 1934 

152

 35.

Years of residence in State of persons 65 and over on relief 

157 

 36.

Principal features of the old-age assistance laws of the United States (as of Jan. 1, 1935)

 facing page 160

 37.

Operation of State old-age assistance acts during 1934 

164

 38.

Provisions of the old-age assistance laws in the United States (as of Oct. 15, 1935)

168

 39.

Old-age assistance. and insurance legislation in foreign countries through 1933

182

40.

Principal provisions of foreign noncontributory old-age assistance laws through 1933

facing page 184

41.

Weekly contributory old-age pensions for various countries in relation to weekly wages in those countries

186

42.

Number of recipients of old-age assistance (noncontributory) and contributory pensions in foreign countries and number of people of eligible age

186

43.

Foreign noncontributory old-age assistance systems (changes in proportion of recipients to population of eligible age since effective date of law)

187

44.

Estimates of the number of old-age assistance recipients and the amount of Federal subsidy to State old-age assistance programs

194

45.

Progress of tax and benefit payments under proposed old-age annuity plan

212

46.

Summary of provisions for Federal grants to States for old-age assist-

219

47.

Summary of principal provisions of the Federal Social Security Act relating to Federal old-age benefits

223

48.

Monthly benefits payable for specified total wages as defined for the purposes of title I I of the Social Security Act

224

PART III. SECURITY FOR CHILDREN

49.

Conditions under which aid to dependent children may be granted and limitations on amount of aid (1934)

235

50.

Extent to which aid to dependent children is provided: Annual per capita expenditure and percentage of counties granting aid, 1934

237

51.

Estimated number of families and children receiving aid to dependent children (based on figures available Nov. 15, 1934)

238

52.

Marital status of families with female heads and number of children under 21 years and under 10 years: United States population census, 1930 (unpublished figures)

240

53.

Distribution of widowed and separated or divorced women heads of relief families in urban areas with children under the age of 16 years, based on 5-percent sample study of occupational characteristics of relief families in 79 cities, May 1934

243

54.

Characteristics of households with widowed and separated or divorced women heads of relief families in urban areas with children under the age of 16 years, based on 5-percent sample study of occupational characteristics of relief families in 79 cities, May 1934

244

55.

Estimated annual expenditures for aid to dependent children (based on figures available Nov. 15, 1934)

245

56.

Average monthly grant per family for aid to dependent children

247

57.

Funds for State maternal and child-health work, 1928 and 1934

272

58.

State funds for maternal and child-health work, 1934

273

59.

Permanent public-health nursing service in the counties of 24 States, 1934

275

60.

Permanent prenatal and child-health centers in the counties of 18 States, 1934

275

61.

Physical defects or conditions needing attention as reported by mother to visiting nurse among 9,472 children included in 3,500 families under the care of public-health nursing agencies in 25 cities, November 1934

277

62.

Adequacy of family milk supply in 3,500 families under the care of public-health nursing agencies in 25 cities, November 1934

278

63.

State and county public funds for care of crippled children

285

64.

Summary of provisions for Federal grants to States for aid to dependent children (mothers' aid)

293

PART IV. PROVISIONS FOR THE BLIND

65.

Data on the operation of systems for aid to the blind in the United States, 1934

303

66.

Principal provisions of State laws providing for allowances for the blind (as of Aug. 1, 1935)

306

67.

Summary of provisions for Federal grants to States for aid to the blind

311

PART VI. THE NEED FOR FEDERAL SUPPORT OF SOCIAL SECURITY PROGRAMS

68.

Statutory placement of financial responsibility for various welfare activities in the several States, Aug. 1, 1935

349

69.

Distribution of financial responsibility, August 1935

350

70.

Assessed valuations and general property-tax receipts of local units of government, 1922 and 1932

353

71.

Trend of population, assessed valuation, and tax levy, city of Detroit, 1915-34

353

72.

Receipts by local authorities of England and Wales

357

73.

Trend of net indebtedness of local units of government, 1902-32

357

74.

Net bonded debt of cities of over 500,000 population (excluding self-supporting indebtedness), Jan. 1, 1929, and 1934

358

75.

Revenues, expenditures, and indebtedness of cities (with 1924 population of 300,000 or more), 1924-32

359

76.

Trend of relief expenditures

359

77.

Trend of State government tax receipts, 48 States, 1925-32

361

78.

Trend of State expenditures for government, 48 States, 1925-32

362

79.

Indexes of State wealth and income

364

80.

State and local tax receipts, 1932, and ratios of tax receipts to indexes of State wealth and income

367

81.

Ratio of State and local tax receipts, 1932, (a) to income, 1929; (b) to retail sales, 1933; and (c) to taxable wealth, 1931

368

82.

State and local net indebtedness,1912-32

368

83.

Per-capita State and local net debt, 1922 and 1932, and ratio of 1932 net debt to income and wealth

370

84.

Grants to States for social security

372

85.

The coat of a 1-, 3-, and 6-percent tax on pay rolls of wage earners and salaried workers for selected industries in terms of value added by manufacture and total value of products

376

APPENDIXES

I-1.

Occupations excluded from the unemployment compensation plan, United States, April 1930

386

I-2.

Occupational exclusions of gainful workers from the unemployment compensation plan by industries, United States, April 1930

387

I-3.

Number and percent of coal-mining establishments and wage earners, by number of wage earners per establishment, United Staten,1929

388

I-4.

Number and percent of mining and quarrying establishments and wage earners, by number of wage earners per establishment, United States, 1929

388

I-5.

Number and percent of manufacturing establishments and wage earners, by number of wage earners per establishment, United States,1929

389

I-6.

Estimated distribution of "wholesalers only" establishments and employees, by average number of employees per establishment, United States, 1929

390

I-7.

Estimated distribution of establishments and employees in wholesale trade, by average number of employees per establishment, United Staten, 1929

390

I-8.

Estimated distribution of retail stores, employees, and average number of employees per store, by volume of sales per store, United States, 1929

391

I-9.

Estimated distribution of establishments and employees in retail trade, by number of employees per average establishment, United States,1929

391

I-10.

"Size-of-firm" exclusion of gainful workers by industries, United States, April 1930

393

I-11.

Distribution of total gainful workers and unemployed workers by socio-economic groups in the United States, April 1930

394

I-12.

Employed compensable labor force by industry and by type of exclusion, United States, April 1930

395

I-13.

Employed compensable labor force by industries, United States, April 1930

396

I-14.

Unemployed compensable labor force, United States, April 1930

396

I-15.

Estimated compensable labor force in the United States, April 1930

397

I-16.

Estimated compensable labor force, United States, 1922-33

398

I-17.

Estimates of the compensable labor force, 1930-33, by States

400

II-1.

Distribution of the unemployed by duration of unemployment, Los Angeles, California, April 1930 and January 1931

405

II-2.

Duration of unemployment by weeks, Los Angeles, California, April 1930 and January 1931

407

II-3.

Average unemployment rate in compensable labor force, for years represented by each composite curve, and in cities in corresponding years

412

III-1.

Assessable wages and salaries of employed compensable labor force, United States,1922-33

416

IV-1.

Personnel of public employment offices by States, 1935, compared with estimated number needed for unemployment compensation activities

438

VIII-1.

Noncontributory old-age pensions in Canada

454

VIII-2.

Distribution of noncontributory old-age pensioners by Provinces in Canada

454

VIII-3.

Distribution of Canadian Government annuity contracts written in 1930

455

IX-1.

The insured population and beneficiaries of foreign survivors' insurance laws

462

IX-2.

Comparison of average survivors' pensions with weekly wages for unskilled labor in engineering trades

466

X-1.

Legal provisions for computing invalidity, old-age, and survivors' pensions

472

X-2.

Total benefit payments and distribution of cost

474

X-3.

Percentage distribution of cost of pensions between the individual funds, the common fund, and the Federal Government

476

X-4.

Investment of reserve, 1891-1933

478

X-5.

Investment of reserve by type of investment

480

X-6.

Investments promoting the general welfare

481

X-7.

Receipts and expenditures,1891-1934

483

X-8.

Proportion of cost of administration to total expenditures and total receipts

485

X-9.

Wage classes and contribution rates, 1891-1934

486

X-10.

Rate of contribution as percent of lower and upper limit of each wage class

486

X-11.

Yearly amount of old-age pension

488

X-12.

Average yearly amount of old-age pension grants

489

X-13.

Yearly amount of invalidity pension

491

X-14.

Average yearly amount of the invalidity pension grants

492

X-15.

Average yearly amount of widows' pension grants

493

X-16.

Average yearly amount of orphans' pension grants

494

X-17.

Number of persons in receipt of pensions, 1891-1934

494

X-18.

Number of pensioners 65 years of age or over

495

XI-1.

Trend of birth rates in the United States expanding birth registration area by States, 1915-34

499

XI-2.

Trend of maternal mortality in the United States birth-registration area by States, 1915-34

500

XI-3.

Trend of maternal mortality by color in the United States birth registration area and in States having 1,500 or more Negro births in 1934; 1915-34

502

XI-4.

Trend of maternal mortality in the United States and certain foreign countries,1915-34

504

XI-5.

Trend of infant mortality in the United States birth-registration area by States,1915-34

505

XI-6.

Trend of infant mortality by color in the United States birth registration area and in States having 1,500 or more Negro births in 1934;1915-34

506

XI-7.

Trend of infant mortality in urban and rural districts of the United States birth-registration area by States, 1915-34

509

XI-8.

Infant mortality rates (deaths under l year per 1,000 live births), by specified groups of causes, in the United States birth registration area of 1921, exclusive of South Carolina, 1921-34

513

 

LIST OF FIGURES

 Table No.

Table Title 

 Pages

1.

Actual and estimated number of persons aged 65 and over compared to total population, 1860-2000

140

2.

Employed male population 40 years and over compared to total male population 40 years and over

147

3.

Maternal mortality in the United States, 1933

262

4.

Infant mortality in the United States, 1933

264

5.

Mortality in the first month and the first year of life, United States, 1934, from specified groups of causes

266

6.

Trend of infant mortality in urban and rural districts of the United States

268

II-1.

Curves showing cumulative distribution of the unemployed by duration of unemployment, Los Angeles, Calif

406

II-2.

Typical curves showing hypothetical distributions of the unemployed by duration of unemployment

409

II-3.

Curves showing composite cumulative duration distributions of the unemployed

411

 
 
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